Biological Trophic Cascades

   

 Gray Wolf, Elk, Aspen



Sea Otter, Sea Urchin, Sea Kelp
Kelp fronds. San Clemente Island, California, USA, Macrocystis pyrifera, natural history stock photograph, photo id 03423




 Coyote, cat, bird, insect, plant life





Eagle, fish, aquatic plants
                





Owl, Mice, Nuts/Seeds

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